除了使用继承IConfigurationSectionHandler的方法定义处理自定义节点的类，还可以通过继承ConfigurationSection类实现同样效果。
首先说下.Net配置文件中一个潜规则：
在配置节点时，对于想要进行存储的参数数据，可以采用两种方式：一种是存储到节点的属性中，另一种是存储在节点的文本中。
因为一个节点可以有很多属性，但是只要一个innertext,而要在程序中将这两种形式区分开会带来复杂性。 为了避免这个问题，.net的配置文件只是用属性存储而不使用innertext.
接着，我们来写一个符合这个潜规则的自定义配置文件，方便测试：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | <mailservergroup provider= "www.baidu.com" > <mailservers> <mailserver address= "13232@qq.com" client= "" password= "2343254" username= "lhc" > <mailserver address= "132wdfgdsggtaewg32@qq.com" client= "" password= "2334t243的萨芬234254" username= "dfshs水田如雅" > <mailserver address= "132wdgadsfgdtaewg32@qq.com" client= "" password= "23ewrty2343的萨芬234254" username= "sdfhdfs水田如雅" > <mailserver address= "132wdgdfagdstaewg32@qq.com" client= "" password= "23erwt43的萨芬234254" username= "sdfher水田如雅" > </mailserver></mailserver></mailserver></mailserver></mailservers> </mailservergroup> |
接着，我们来写相应的处理类，这里我们由内向外来写：
首先是最内层的mailServer:
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 | /// <summary> /// Class MailServerElement：用于映射mailServer节点，这里是实际存储数据的地方； /// </summary> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 21:51:57</remarks> public sealed class MailServerElement : ConfigurationElement //配置文件中的配置元素 { /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the client. /// </summary> /// <value>The client.</value> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:05:40</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty( "client" , IsKey = true , IsRequired = true )] //client是必须的key属性，有点儿主键的意思，例如，如果定义多个client相同的节点，循环读取的话就只读取到最后一个值 public string Client { get { return this [ "client" ] as string; } set { this [ "client" ] = value; } } /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the address. /// </summary> /// <value>The address.</value> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:05:38</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty( "address" )] public string Address { get { return this [ "address" ] as string; } set { this [ "address" ] = value; } } /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the name of the user. /// </summary> /// <value>The name of the user.</value> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:05:35</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty( "userName" )] public string UserName { get { return this [ "userName" ] as string; } set { this [ "userName" ] = value; } } /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the password. /// </summary> /// <value>The password.</value> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:05:33</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty( "password" )] public string Password { get { return this [ "password" ] as string; } set { this [ "password" ] = value; } } } |
接着是mailServers,它是一个mailServer的集合：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 | /// <summary> /// Class MailServerCollection:映射mailServers节点，为一个集合类，另外还包含了很多对节点的操作方法，大部分继承自ConfigurationElementCollection /// </summary> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 21:52:00</remarks> public sealed class MailServerCollection : ConfigurationElementCollection { /// <summary> /// 获取 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElementCollection"> 的类型。 /// </see></summary> /// <value>The type of the collection.</value> /// <returns>此集合的 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElementCollectionType">。</see></returns> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:05:08</remarks> public override ConfigurationElementCollectionType CollectionType { get { return ConfigurationElementCollectionType.BasicMap; } } /// <summary> /// 当在派生的类中重写时，创建一个新的 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElement">。 /// </see></summary> /// <returns>新的 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElement">。</see></returns> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:05:03</remarks> protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement() { return new MailServerElement(); } /// <summary> /// 在派生类中重写时获取指定配置元素的元素键。 /// </summary> ///<param name="element">要为其返回键的 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElement">。 /// <returns>一个 <see cref="T:System.Object">，用作指定 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElement"> 的键。</see></see></returns> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:04:51</remarks> protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element) { return (element as MailServerElement).Client; } /// <summary> /// 获取在派生的类中重写时用于标识配置文件中此元素集合的名称。 /// </summary> /// <value>The name of the element.</value> /// <returns>集合的名称；否则为空字符串。默认值为空字符串。</returns> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 23:41:40</remarks> protected override string ElementName { get { return "mailServer" ; } } /// <summary> /// 获取集合中的元素数。 /// </summary> /// <value>The count.</value> /// <returns>集合中的元素数。</returns> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:08:24</remarks> public new int Count { get { return base.Count; } } /// <summary> /// 获取或设置此配置元素的属性、特性或子元素。 /// </summary> ///<param name="index">The index. /// <returns>MailServerElement.</returns> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch</remarks> public MailServerElement this [ int index] { get { return BaseGet(index) as MailServerElement; } set { if (BaseGet(index) != null ) { BaseRemoveAt(index); } BaseAdd(index, value); } } /// <summary> /// 获取或设置此配置元素的属性、特性或子元素。 /// </summary> ///<param name="Name">The name. /// <returns>MailServerElement.</returns> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch</remarks> new public MailServerElement this [string Name] { get { return BaseGet(Name) as MailServerElement; } } /// <summary> /// Indexes the of. /// </summary> ///<param name="element">The element. /// <returns>System.Int32.</returns> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:24:16</remarks> public int IndexOf(MailServerElement element) { return BaseIndexOf(element); } /// <summary> /// Adds the specified element. /// </summary> ///<param name="element">The element. /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:26:06</remarks> public void Add(MailServerElement element) { BaseAdd(element); } /// <summary> /// Removes the specified element. /// </summary> ///<param name="element">The element. /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:27:01</remarks> public void Remove(MailServerElement element) { if (BaseIndexOf(element) > 0 ) { BaseRemove(element.Client); } } /// <summary> /// Removes at. /// </summary> ///<param name="index">The index. /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:33:29</remarks> public void RemoveAt( int index) { BaseRemoveAt(index); } /// <summary> /// Removes the specified client. /// </summary> ///<param name="client">The client. /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:34:04</remarks> public void Remove(string client) { BaseRemove(client); } /// <summary> /// Clears this instance. /// </summary> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:34:29</remarks> public void Clear() { BaseClear(); } }</see> |
最后是最外层的group:
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 | /// <summary> /// Class MailServerSection 为入口： /// </summary> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 21:41:02</remarks> public class MailServerSection : ConfigurationSection //继承配置文件中节 { /// <summary> /// Gets the provider.：映射mailServerGroup节点的provider /// </summary> /// <value>The provider.</value> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:05:59</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty( "provider" , IsKey = true )] public string provider { get { return this [ "provider" ] as string; } } /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the mail servers.：映射新添加的节点mailServers节点；这个节点下还包含了若干个mailServer节点，因此它是一个集合类 /// </summary> /// <value>The mail servers.</value> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 22:05:56</remarks> [ConfigurationProperty( "mailServers" , IsDefaultCollection = false )] public MailServerCollection MailServers { get { return this [ "mailServers" ] as MailServerCollection; } set { this [ "mailServers" ] = value; } } } |
同样，关联处理类和节点：
| 1 | |
之后做个测试：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 | class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Test(); } /// <summary> /// Tests this instance.：读取节点值示例 /// </summary> /// <remarks>Editor：v-liuhch CreateTime：2015/6/27 23:04:53</remarks> private static void Test() { MailServerSection mailSection = (MailServerSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection( "mailServerGroup" ); Console.WriteLine( "MailServerSection 的provider属性值：" +mailSection.provider); foreach (MailServerElement config in mailSection.MailServers) { Console.WriteLine( "----------------------------------" ); Console.WriteLine( "client值为：" +config.Client); Console.WriteLine( "address值为：" +config.Address); Console.WriteLine( "username值为：" +config.UserName); Console.WriteLine( "password值为：" +config.Password); Console.WriteLine( "----------------------------------" ); } Console.ReadKey(); } } |
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